Avivo's investigational platform uses enzymes to remove ABO surface sugar markers from blood cells and donor organs. Proposed routes add enzymes to blood-bag collection systems or organ-preservation solutions during perfusion. A type-O-like antigen profile could reduce matching constraints; the published studies test specific parts of that proposition.
In a 2024 study, research-only type-A kidneys declined for transplantation received two Flavonifractor plautii enzymes during normothermic or hypothermic machine perfusion. A-antigen levels fell about 80% as early as two hours. An ex-vivo ABO-incompatible model showed no anti-A binding or classical complement activation, but lacked coagulation factors and was not a living-recipient transplant.
A separate human-decedent experiment transplanted an enzyme-treated type-A kidney into a type-O brain-dead recipient with high anti-A titre. Hyperacute rejection was absent and antibody-mediated rejection was not observed for two days. From day three, A-antigen regeneration coincided with lesions and complement deposition, leaving persistence and longer-term compatibility unresolved.
The whole-blood study used samples from 16 type-A and four type-O pigs in 45 mL aliquots. At the reported 17.5 micrograms/mL enzyme condition after 15 minutes, A-antigen signal was 0.6% ± 0.2%, close to the type-O control, with stable measured blood-quality parameters. This was laboratory conversion rather than a transfusion experiment.
Kemp Proteins' work addresses enzyme expression, purification and scalable processing. Avivo's federal project includes further preclinical work and planned first-in-human trials, connecting the experimental platform with a funded development programme.
Preclinical and process-development stage. Evidence includes ex-vivo kidneys, a short human-decedent kidney experiment and laboratory swine whole blood. The federal project includes planned first-in-human trials; an initiated trial, durable compatibility in living recipients or authorized clinical product is not established.
Research, manufacturing-process and clinical-development collaboration. Proposed blood-bag and organ-perfusion integration remains investigational; no authorized patient-care product is established by the inspected sources.